Return of Polio to England after 18 years free

UK, case of wild polio, 1984

UK was declared polio-free in 2003

UK, national incident declared

https://www.gov.uk/government/....news/poliovirus-dete

Detected, sewage samples in London

Past four months, polio virus, Beckton sewage works, four million in north and east London

Cluster of genetically-linked samples

The virus has evolve

Now classified as a ‘vaccine-derived’ poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2)

Someone recently vaccinated overseas, live virus (Albert Sabin, 1961)

Not used in UK since 2004

https://assets.publishing.serv....ice.gov.uk/governmen

Not used in United States since 1987

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/v....pd/polio/public/inde

UK vaccination for polio

Inactivated polio vaccine, IPV, (Jonas Salk, 1955)

Take-up of the first three doses, London, 86%

Rest of UK over 92%

Vaccine-derived polio

Nigeria, poliomyelitis, 2005 and 2006 from several countries,
(that have previously been polio-free)

As opposed to wild form

Can be transmitted, can mutate

No cases have been detected

Health Secretary Sajid Javid

not particularly worried

NHS in London

Contacting unvaccinated under 5s

CDC

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/v....pd/polio/public/inde

Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)

Only polio vaccine given in the United States since 2000

Oral polio vaccine (OPV) is used in other countries

US Schedule

2 months old

4 months old

6 through 18 months old

4 through 6 years old

Adults at increased risk of exposure to poliovirus

One IPV booster for life

IPV is as effective as OPV for preventing polio

Two doses of IPV provides 90% immunity to all three types of poliovirus

3 doses provides at least 99% immunity