14 ืฆืคืืืชยท 29 ืืื 2023
Why China's population is shrinking
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And why thatโs a big deal.
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For the first time in six decades, Chinaโs population is shrinking, and itโs predicted it could create a demographic crisis. Thatโs because China isnโt just shrinking, itโs also aging. And the majority of Chinese couples are not considering having more than one child. Because of this, China is predicted to lose nearly 50 percent of its population by 2100.
Chinaโs population decline can be traced back to the restrictive family-planning policies launched in the 1970s and an impressive economic boom fueled by Chinaโs huge labor force.
Chinaโs modernization brought rapid urbanization, rising income levels, and better education to large parts of China. Combined, these policies and growth have given China one of the lowest birth rates in the world.
Today, China is trying to reverse its population decline. Not just because an aging population is hard to sustain economically, but because Chinaโs impressive economic growth, until now, has relied on its people. As Chinaโs population challenges deepen over time, it might have to rethink how to grow its economy and care for its citizens.
You can explore Chinaโs birth and death rate data via the United Nations Population portal, here:
https://population.un.org/wpp/....Graphs/Probabilistic
https://population.un.org/wpp/....Graphs/Probabilistic
As well as the countryโs total population and predictions here:
https://population.un.org/wpp/....Graphs/Probabilistic
Here are some key facts about Chinaโs declining population from Pew Research:
https://www.pewresearch.org/fa....ct-tank/2022/12/05/k
You can read some surprising details about Chinaโs family planning policies โ for example, the One-Child Policy was actually less impactful than the Later, Longer, Fewer campaign โ here: https://scholar.harvard.edu/fi....les/martinwhyte/file
Hereโs an overview of Chinaโs economic development from the World Bank:
https://www.worldbank.org/en/c....ountry/china/overvie
And a report on Chinaโs income gap:
https://www.aeaweb.org/researc....h/charts/china-incom
For an in-depth look at the cruelty and human cost of Chinaโs One-Child policy, I recommend the documentary One Child Nation by Nanfu Wang:
https://www.pbs.org/independen....tlens/documentaries/
You can explore population pyramids from across the world on the US Census Bureauโs website:
https://www.census.gov/data-tools/demo/idb/#/country?COUNTRY_YEAR=2023&COUNTRY_YR_ANIM=2023
Finally, our expert, Professor Wang Feng, believes Chinaโs population growth can be framed in a positive light. To understand how, read this piece he wrote for the New York Times:
https://www.sltrib.com/opinion..../commentary/2023/02/
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